“To those who still ignore or deny that Russia is conducting a hybrid war in the territories of its allies: Leipzig is not an isolated case and looking away only rewards the aggressor.” Admiral Giuseppe Cavo Dragone, chairman of the NATO Military Committee, commented with these words on the growing tensions between Moscow and the European Union, especially Germany. But what is hybrid war and what are the red lines that differentiate it from a traditional conflict?
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An unconventional strategy
The explosive drone attack that hit Leipzig airport on August 4th brought the term “hybrid war” back to the center of public debate, referring to a particular strategy aimed at destabilizing the enemy while keeping tensions always below the threshold of armed conflict, thus avoiding the risk of a direct military response.
Hybrid war, as explained to Adnkronos by Alessandro Marrone, an expert at the Institute of International Affairs, is not a new system, but it is becoming increasingly aggressive, combining conventional military tools with actions such as cyberattacks, disinformation, cognitive warfare, sabotage, use of drones, and “shadow” maritime activities.
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The objectives
The objectives are multiple. First of all, attacks of this nature serve to test the reliability of the adversaries’ defenses and highlight weaknesses and vulnerabilities. An offensive like the one in Leipzig also reveals the response times of a country’s security apparatus.
Not only that. Hybrid war can intimidate institutions and citizens, contributing to establishing a climate of constant alert in the country that, in the long run, could erode the trust and political cohesion of a community.
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